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STAT pre-operative EKG

So I get called STAT to do an EKG on a pre-operative patient. Of course I know that 99.934 of the time I've ever gotten paged STAT to go there it's just because the patient is having surgery and needs a pre-surgery EKG, so I stop and go to the bathroom on the way, and then I stop in the department where my boss has a few questions for me. You see, fool me 300 times and shame on me, fool me the 301st time shame on you.

So I get down there and I don't say, "I'm pissed at you for paging me STAT," however I do mention, "STAT" every chance I get:
  • Where's the STAT EKG?
  • Does the patient the STAT EKG is on have chest pain?
  • Why was the EKG ordered STAT?
You know, I play this game. The response I got this time was: "We needed to get the EKG done because we need to get the patient to surgery so we can free up this bed."

Sometimes I get, "The doctor ordered it that way.

I have no problem with that, but don't call me STAT. Don't make me pull the EKG from another department to do a STAT treatment, because if a patient comes into the other department and truly needs a STAT EKG he won't be able to get his STAT EKG done because I'm doing your STAT EKG so you can free up a bed.

I don't care if the doctor ordered it that way, or if the tooth ferry ordered it that way. It's disrespectful to me and every patient who truly needs a STAT procedure to order your procedure STAT just so you can empty a bed.

For more information, see RT Cave Rule #6.

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STAT pre-operative EKG

So I get called STAT to do an EKG on a pre-operative patient. Of course I know that 99.934 of the time I've ever gotten paged STAT to go there it's just because the patient is having surgery and needs a pre-surgery EKG, so I stop and go to the bathroom on the way, and then I stop in the department where my boss has a few questions for me. You see, fool me 300 times and shame on me, fool me the 301st time shame on you.

So I get down there and I don't say, "I'm pissed at you for paging me STAT," however I do mention, "STAT" every chance I get:
  • Where's the STAT EKG?
  • Does the patient the STAT EKG is on have chest pain?
  • Why was the EKG ordered STAT?
You know, I play this game. The response I got this time was: "We needed to get the EKG done because we need to get the patient to surgery so we can free up this bed."

Sometimes I get, "The doctor ordered it that way.

I have no problem with that, but don't call me STAT. Don't make me pull the EKG from another department to do a STAT treatment, because if a patient comes into the other department and truly needs a STAT EKG he won't be able to get his STAT EKG done because I'm doing your STAT EKG so you can free up a bed.

I don't care if the doctor ordered it that way, or if the tooth ferry ordered it that way. It's disrespectful to me and every patient who truly needs a STAT procedure to order your procedure STAT just so you can empty a bed.

For more information, see RT Cave Rule #6.

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Good dental care may prevent pneumonia

DentalPlans.com reports here on a study that links dental hygiene with respiratory health. The study,published in the Journal of Periodontology, linked periodontal disease with an increased risk of pneumonia and COPD.

Of 200 subjects aged 20 to 60 studied, "the individuals with respiratory diseases had markedly worse periodontal health."

The theory here is that inhaled bacteria can cause respiratory infections. The exact mechanism, however, is still unknown.

Earlier studies have already proven a link between arthritis and diabetes and poor dental care. Now Dentists can add good healthy to the public relations and advertising campaigns.

To me this study makes sense, considering bacteria that sits in the mouth and erodes the teeth can just as easily make it to the lungs and cause infections down there. Infections in the lungs can lead to both pneumonia and exacerbations of COPD.

Good dental hygiene will cleans the mouth of bad bacteria, and therefore reduce the risk of pneumonia. I wouldn't think it would prevent COPD, just the pneumonia that might develop in their already thick and trapped mucus.

We'll have to wait for further studies to learn more.

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Good dental care may prevent pneumonia

DentalPlans.com reports here on a study that links dental hygiene with respiratory health. The study,published in the Journal of Periodontology, linked periodontal disease with an increased risk of pneumonia and COPD.

Of 200 subjects aged 20 to 60 studied, "the individuals with respiratory diseases had markedly worse periodontal health."

The theory here is that inhaled bacteria can cause respiratory infections. The exact mechanism, however, is still unknown.

Earlier studies have already proven a link between arthritis and diabetes and poor dental care. Now Dentists can add good healthy to the public relations and advertising campaigns.

To me this study makes sense, considering bacteria that sits in the mouth and erodes the teeth can just as easily make it to the lungs and cause infections down there. Infections in the lungs can lead to both pneumonia and exacerbations of COPD.

Good dental hygiene will cleans the mouth of bad bacteria, and therefore reduce the risk of pneumonia. I wouldn't think it would prevent COPD, just the pneumonia that might develop in their already thick and trapped mucus.

We'll have to wait for further studies to learn more.

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New drug may soon be available to CF patients

One of the biggest problems for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients is the excessive and often thick and even tenatious secretions that make breathing difficult and become breeding grounds for bacteria, which often leads to pneumonia.

However, if researchers at the University of Colorado School of Medicine are correct, Cystic
Fibrosis patients may soon have a new medicine available to them that is "supposed" to prevent the formation of mucus. According to WebMD, it might also delay the progression of CF.

The name of the medicine, in case your interested, is denufosol.

According to topnews.us, Dr. Frank Accurso, professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado, said the new medicine "helps enhance the hydration of the airways and can aid in clearing mucus. The drug is different from other cystic fibrosis medications which primarily treat the symptoms rather than the underlying causes."

This ultimately will help prevent mucus from "clogging" various organs such as the pancreas and especially the lungs. The drug would be taken three times daily. A study is presently ongoing in America.

This is significant because scientists believe the lungs of CP patients are normal at birth and damage occurs later in life, especially after progressive lung infections which are due to secretions.

As reported by WebMD, "the hope is that denufosol will delay or prevent the progressive changes that lead to irreversible airflow obstruction."

So perhaps some day soon CF patients will have an opportunity to discuss this new medicine with their physicians, and hopefully it will allow them to live a normal lifespan free of the complications CF causes its many victims.

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met hemoglobin

Your question: My patient had a lab CO-Ox MethGB of 0.7 and later of 0.6. I know that the normal range is 0-1.5%, but what in the world is a CO-Ox MethGB? What does it measure and what does it effect?

My humble answer: Methemoglobiin is a type of hemoglobin that does not carry oxygen. It's normally 1-2% of all hemoglobin. Anything less than 10% will show no symptoms, so the fact a MetHb falls from 0.7 to 0.6 is insignificant. A variation of that amount might simply be a normal variation by the machine. As it gets high it just means that there is that much less hemoglobin for oxygen to attach to. If the methb gets higher than 10% you will note that the SpO2 will start to drop, and may read in the 90% range. As it gets higher the SpO2 will continue to drop. High methgb may = hypoxia.

For MetHb to be high is very rare, and I have never seen it in 15 years as an RT. There are a few rare disease states that prevent the body from converting metHb into hemoglobin, such as a deficiency in cytochrome B5 reductase, G6Pd deficiency (mostly in infants), hemoglobin M disease, and pyruvate kinase deficiency. All of those diseases in one way or another effect the red blood cells and prevent normal mechanisms that breakdown methbb, and most involve anemia, jaundice, and/ or neonates.

Exposure to some chemicals may cause it to increase, such as arsine and amines, chlorobenzine (pesticides), chromate (chemical that protects metals from coroding and to improve paint adhesion, nitrite (used to cure meat because it prevents bacterial growth), nitrates (biproduct of septic systems and waste product from certain factories that can increase nitrate levels of fish near land). Some say this is one reason kids under 2 should not eat certain fish and water critters.

MetHb can also be increased by certain drugs, such as nitrates, nitrites, nitroglycerine, nitroprusside, quinomes, sulfonamides, dapsome (Leprocy tx), and chloeoquin (malaria tx).

greater than 10 = bluish coloring around lips and other mucus membranes
greater than 20= anxiety, headache and dyspnea
greater than 30= fatigue, confusion, headache, palps
greater than 50= coma, ceizure, arrhythmia, acidosis
greater than 70 = death

Note:  While I'm confident this information is accurate based on my past studies, we'll take it with a grain of salt.  I'm saying this because the only source I could find with information regarding this question was Wikepedia.

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Can humidifier cause fluid retention (edema)

Your question: I have noticed increased edema since being put on a bi-pap machine with moisture. I have a fluid restriction of 1 liter daily, but have not increased fluid intake. Could the distilled water that we put in the bi-pap machine each night contribute to fluid retention?


My humble answer: Good question

If you use a BiPAP without a humidifier your mouth and nose become dry and your lips crusty. So basically all the humidifier does is make up for this loss of oral and nasal humidity. So I wouldn't think this would have anything to do with fluid retention. However, it is fluid intake, and it is inhaled, and some may make it to the lungs, so it's possible this intake is overlooked by some physicians. Yet my humble opinion is this wouldn't be enough to "cause" a problem. If you perceive that it does, you should turn off the humidifier and call your physician. You should actually call your physician regardless, because he should know about any new "edema."
I will see if I can find any research or studies done in this regard and let you know what I come up with. Good luck. Rick.


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Can humidifier cause fluid retention (edema)

Your question: I have noticed increased edema since being put on a bi-pap machine with moisture. I have a fluid restriction of 1 liter daily, but have not increased fluid intake. Could the distilled water that we put in the bi-pap machine each night contribute to fluid retention?


My humble answer: Good question

If you use a BiPAP without a humidifier your mouth and nose become dry and your lips crusty. So basically all the humidifier does is make up for this loss of oral and nasal humidity. So I wouldn't think this would have anything to do with fluid retention. However, it is fluid intake, and it is inhaled, and some may make it to the lungs, so it's possible this intake is overlooked by some physicians. Yet my humble opinion is this wouldn't be enough to "cause" a problem. If you perceive that it does, you should turn off the humidifier and call your physician. You should actually call your physician regardless, because he should know about any new "edema."
I will see if I can find any research or studies done in this regard and let you know what I come up with. Good luck. Rick.


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Which is better: Albuterol or Levalbuterol. Learn the answer by checking out my latest blog entry from MyAsthmaCentarl.com

The Debate: Albuterol or Levalbuterol

Albuterol and Levalbuterol are both bronchodilators, both can provide instant relief from an asthma attack, and can conveniently be carried in a pocket or purse for convenience. So which of these two great rescue medicines is best for you?

Albuterol might just be the greatest gift ever to asthmatics. It was approved by the FDA in 1
982 and quickly became the most popular asthma medicine of the 20th century, and perhaps the most popular one of all time. It made breathing easy fast and without all the side effects of older bronchodilators like Alupent and Bronchosol.

One of the few problems with Albuterol was that it contained both a R-Isomer that relaxed smooth muscle, and an S-Isomer that did not relax smooth muscle.
Studies later discovered that the S-Isomer actually caused paradoxical bronchospasm in about 8 percent of those who use the medicine.

According to the Annals of Pharmacotherapy,
paradoxical bronchospasm is an adverse side effect of Albuterol. It's when the medicine causes bronchospasm. This may be a result of either the propellant used or the evil S-Isomer.

Scientists were unable to separate the R-Isomer from the S-Isomer until the later 1990s, and in 1999 the R-Isomer was isolated and referred to as Levalbuterol and marketed as Xopenex. Albuterol officially had competition.

The problem with getting Xopenex on the market was that the patent for Albuterol had expired, and generic Albuterols made this medicine fairly inexpensive. The patented Xopenex would cost six times that of Albuterol (Albuterol 26 cents an amp, and Xopenex $1.55).

So the makers of Xopenex had the challenge of convincing doctors that Xopenex was better than Albuterol. Their salespeople had trouble convincing doctors, so they decided on a unique marketing method of convincing respiratory therapists and nurses and having us sell the new product to doctors.

What they did was take us RTs out to eat at fancy restaurants and let us order anything off the menu. We jumped all over this and ordered the most expensive items on the menu. Then we ordered drinks. Since it took forever for the food to arrive, by the time it did we were drunk.

Then the salesperson showed us all these studies that proved Xopenex not only didn't have the S-Isomer, it also was stronger, had fewer side effects, and lasted longer than Albuterol. At first glance, it looked to be the new asthma miracle medicine.

Yet then we RTs started giving Xopenex to patients, and we noticed something: it did not work better than Ventolin, and it did not appear to have less side effects, and it did not last longer. In fact, it appeared to work no better than Albuterol.

Then we learned the initial studies were funded by the makers of Xopenex. Independent studies (
as reported by the University of Michigan) proved Levalbuterol was not much different from Albuterol other than that it costs six times more.

So what do you believe? What medicine works best to treat your asthma? Which rescue medicine should your doctor prescribe?

The answer to that is: it depends on you and your doctor. Due to cost, I think most hospitals and doctors prescribe Albuterol as the default bronchodilator. Yet if it doesn't work well enough, or if side effects are an issue, Xopenex is available for trial.

Still, it only makes sense to me that if you are prescribed Xopenex you should never take Albuterol, because if you do you'll be getting the dreaded S-Isomer in your system, and doing so would defeat the purpose of using Xopenex in the first place.

In the future, once the cost of Xopenex equals that of Albuterol, in only makes sense that Xopenex would be the medicine of choice. In the meantime, it is my humble opinion that Albuterol would work fine for most asthmatics in most situations.

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Crew Rowing and Repairing the Brain

I have just returned from Sacramento, California where I did a recertification for the Associate Trainers of Victor Services. It was very moving to reconnect with these skillful practitioners and experience how they had made Risking Connection their own and used it to transform their treatment programs.
While I was there I visited a local lake and saw some teenagers practicing crew racing, the sport with those long thin boats and many people rowing together. And it occurred to me that this might provide a useful metaphor for the task of healing the lower brain.

Imagine that you have been asked to coach a crew team. Although you have not done so before, you have seen the lovely boats slipping across the water as the coordinated rowers respond to the call of the leader. How hard could it be? So you agree.

Alas, when you first meet your team in action you find them to be much different from what you had envisioned. There they are, a bunch of rowers in a lovely boat on the water, with a separate boat calling out instructions. But, the leader sitting in the front is terrified, and keeps yelling: “Careful!!! We are going to drown! Oh no we are tipping over! Hold on!” and other such things. This constant stream of fear has all the rowers upset and disabled. Several are rowing frantically, but in different directions. Two have dropped their oars into the water and are sitting with their arms crossed. One is crying. The boat is turning in circles, lurching from side to side. The noise is so loud; no one can hear the instructions coming from the other boat.

(This is the disorganized brain. It results from early trauma and lack of attunement. No parts are working smoothly together, and the fear system is in full alert, drowning out all other input. Movement forward is impossible.)

As the new coach, what do you do? Do you tell them you will give them each $5 if they can do a better job and row from one end of the lake to the other? Or do you tell them that unless they row that distance successfully they will be on restriction for two weeks and not able to see their friends? Do you give them a lecture on how much better everything would be if they would just get it together and row smoothly?

(Our normal approaches to our children.)

I would suggest that the best coach would not start with rowing at all. He would start by doing lots of exercises on land. First, there would be activities to help the team members get to know each other and trust each other. These would start with easy things and gradually increase in difficulty. (Relationship forming) Then, he would begin having them experience physical challenges together. He would use all sort of rhythmic activities such as drumming together, dancing, playing ball to help them experience the feeling of being in sync and interacting smoothly with each other. Other games would increase their strength and confidence. Every activity would include elements of relying on each other, interacting with each other, helping each other to achieve success. When things didn’t go well they would develop a method for working them out. They would practice team coordination through carrying the boat together, lifting it up and putting it down, making turns on land while carrying it.

He would make sure they all knew how to swim.

The team would adopt a name, and begin a narrative of its journey from the beginnings to success. The team members would retell the story, always adding the day’s events, each night around a campfire.

Then, gradually, the team would return to the water. The challenges would be small at first. They would try regular rowboats in pairs. When they started the crew boats again they would be in shallow water. Each of them would practice leading the beat, the rhythm that coordinates them all, until they could feel it deep in their bodies and respond almost automatically. They would try rolling the boat and falling out until they felt confident they could handle any eventuality. This phase would take a long time.

(All the treatment activities of healing the brain.)

And then, the magical day would come when the team would get into the boat, row through the water together in a smooth and effective way. The youth in front would carry the beat. The team would respond in rhythm. The ideas from the second boat would be easily heard across the silent water. When a wave came, or it started to rain, or they had to make a turn, the team would laugh and solve the problem together.

(And thus the brain would become as powerful and skillful as it had always been meant to be.)
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The things you must do in life

A wise person once said that there are two things every person needs in life regardless of cost:


  1. A good bed to sleep on


  2. A good pair of shoes
My wife and I decided to add things to this short list:


  1. A camera to preserve memories

  2. Creating good memories
And even though my wife and are are frugal and put the people in our lives before material items, there are certain things one must do in life regardless of cost.

For example, my wife and I go to Florida each year regardless of cost. We usually spend time with my parents, and then we take the kids to Disney.

Once and a while we think that we should skip this trip, and instead do something more frugal with that money, like pay off our debt.

Yet then we reason that my parents aren't going to be alive forever, and our kids aren't going to be with us forever, and we should spend time with our parents and create memories for the kids.

So each year we go to Florida regardless of the cost. So, as the wise man said, there are things one must do in this life regardless of cost (and within reason of course).

Here we are on Easter Sunday and there are many people who have little or no money. Yet each kid should be visited by the Easter Bunny, regardless of cost. Happy Easter!!!!
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CPT or massage

This is just a thought here, but I have done some research on whether or not doing CPT has any real benefit, and of all the studies done on the topic over the years there is no conclusive evidence either way. Hence, chances are it does not knock thick secretions from the air passages as expected.

However, as I was working out at the health club a few years back the person working at the club was learning how to do sports massages. They asked if I would be the subject. I eagerly volunteered. One of the things they did on me was, you guessed it, CPT. It was done exactly how we RTs do it.

So, now this has me wondering:  is CPT really part of the pulmonary toilet, or just a glorified massage?

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CPT or massage

This is just a thought here, but I have done some research on whether or not doing CPT has any real benefit, and of all the studies done on the topic over the years there is no conclusive evidence either way. Hence, chances are it does not knock thick secretions from the air passages as expected.

However, as I was working out at the health club a few years back the person working at the club was learning how to do sports massages. They asked if I would be the subject. I eagerly volunteered. One of the things they did on me was, you guessed it, CPT. It was done exactly how we RTs do it.

So, now this has me wondering:  is CPT really part of the pulmonary toilet, or just a glorified massage?

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Apples For Your Lung Health

Apples For Your Lung Health - A recent study monitoring the dietary pattern of nearly 2,000 pregnant women and lung health check as many as 1253 people in children aged under five. Among the wide variety of food eaten and recorded by pregnant women, only apple consumption showed consistent protection against asthma.
apples and lung cancer
Children with mothers who ate four apples a week, found 37 percent less often experience shortness of breath and 53 percent less often suffer from asthma, compared with mothers who ate less than 1 apple per week during pregnancy.

Specific relationship was found in apples, and not on the amount of fruit that is eaten or on citrus, fruit juice or vegetable consumption, pointing to-apple specific effect, possibly because of its unique flavonoids, which seem to have a beneficial effect on lung function in adult.
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10 Symptoms of Lung Cancers

Lung cancer is one of the dangerous disease and according to the World Health Organization (WHO), lung cancer is the leading cause of death in the group of cancers in both men and women.

Work exposed to asbestos exposure, radiation, arsenic, chromate, nickel, chloromethyl ethers, mustard gas and coke oven emission can cause lung cancer, although usually only occurs in workers who also smoked.

Inhaling the smoke of cooking can also cause lung cancer, when in the long term. Likewise with the second-hand smoke. However, smoking is the biggest cause of lung cancer in the world.

If you experience symptoms of lung cancer as below, it must be vigilant because of the possibility of lung cancer.

10 Symptoms of Lung Cancers
1. Persistent cough
2. Chest pain and in pain when coughing or laughing
3. Shortness of breath and wheezing like an asthma
4. Bloody sputum, change colors and more
5. Often experience recurrent infections, such as pneumonia and bronchitis
6. Hoarseness/husky.
7. Enlarged fingertips and pain
8. Weight loss and loss of appetite
9. Abnormal breast growth in men
10. Emotional instability, mood swings, lethargy, depression

If you have symptoms of lung cancer as above at yourself, immediately consult a doctor.
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New Drug for Lung Cancer

New Drug for Lung Cancer - Los Angeles: Two new treatments have been developed to extend the lifespan of some patients suffering from advanced lung cancer. The discovery of the health sector was announced on Saturday (5/6). American Oncologist (ASCO) says that: The first treatment involves an experimental drug called crizotinib can shrink tumors in the majority of lung cancer patients with certain gene variants.

Crizotinib, made by Pfizer Inc., proved to be effective in prolonging survival for most patients who take part in one phase of treatment.

The patients who had successfully treat lung cancer non-small cell with specific mutations of genes Alk, which makes cancer gene fused with another gene. The patients treated in the study average for six months, and more than 90 percent of patients saw their tumors shrink in size. Then, 72 percent of patients are free to do activity-six months after treatment.

Second treatment is a useful two chemotherapy regimens for elderly patients. The patients represent the majority of people worldwide are affected by lung cancer. Maintenance phase of the third trial, involved 451 patients with lung cancer non-small cell aged 70-89.

It also showed good survival results in the group taking the combination therapy. In this experiment, participants were randomly selected to receive one of the chemotherapy agent gemcitabine (Gemzar) or vinorelbine (Navelbine), or to receive carboplatin and paclitaxel (taxol).

For the monotherapy group, the average survival at one year was 6.2 months and 27 percent of patients are still alive, which is consistent with previous research. In the dual therapy group, the average survival increased by four months to 10.3 months, which is unusual in breast oncology.

Although this is a fraction of the entire population of lung cancer, for some patients who have this oncogene, the drug is a major advancement in bisdang health, researchers say. [Liputan6.com]
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Muscle Clenching improves will power????

I have tried to diet many times, and never succeed unless I'm also working out daily. Some people might have the will power to simply eat well without exercise, but that's never been one of my strengths.

A new study, however, may show why this is so. According to this USA Today post, "clenching your muscles may help boost your will power." It may help you reduce the "temptation" to eat foods you don't think you should be eating.

The study shows that it doesn't matter what muscle you clench, be it your biceps, triceps, hand, fingers, calves, or hamstrings, the study showed muscle clenching resulted in better will power.

The catch is that muscle clenching only worked when the participant had a goal of not eating the said food, be it chocolate cake or a bag of chips.

I don't know if this has anything to do with it, but when I'm lifting weights I find that I have more muscle strength, and my muscles feel more powerful, and therefore I'm more likely to clench them during the coarse of the day.

When my muscles atrophy, I'm more of a wimpy man like Hans and Franz from the old Saturday NightLive Skit played by Dana Carvey and Kevin Nealon. A wimpy man has less of a desire to flex his muscles, because he has "little teeny weeny muscles."

Perhaps I'm being frivolous here, yet I have found that when I'm lifting weights regularly I tend to eat better; I have better will power. Perhaps some researchers can use my observation here and spend a million bucks or so furthering this research.

So this could be kind of hilarious as you see me and my wife sitting around clenching our muscles all day long. Or hilarious as you see me at work clenching my muscles on Monday morning when a doctor brings in a box of donuts or candy bars.

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Muscle Clenching improves will power????

I have tried to diet many times, and never succeed unless I'm also working out daily. Some people might have the will power to simply eat well without exercise, but that's never been one of my strengths.

A new study, however, may show why this is so. According to this USA Today post, "clenching your muscles may help boost your will power." It may help you reduce the "temptation" to eat foods you don't think you should be eating.

The study shows that it doesn't matter what muscle you clench, be it your biceps, triceps, hand, fingers, calves, or hamstrings, the study showed muscle clenching resulted in better will power.

The catch is that muscle clenching only worked when the participant had a goal of not eating the said food, be it chocolate cake or a bag of chips.

I don't know if this has anything to do with it, but when I'm lifting weights I find that I have more muscle strength, and my muscles feel more powerful, and therefore I'm more likely to clench them during the coarse of the day.

When my muscles atrophy, I'm more of a wimpy man like Hans and Franz from the old Saturday NightLive Skit played by Dana Carvey and Kevin Nealon. A wimpy man has less of a desire to flex his muscles, because he has "little teeny weeny muscles."

Perhaps I'm being frivolous here, yet I have found that when I'm lifting weights regularly I tend to eat better; I have better will power. Perhaps some researchers can use my observation here and spend a million bucks or so furthering this research.

So this could be kind of hilarious as you see me and my wife sitting around clenching our muscles all day long. Or hilarious as you see me at work clenching my muscles on Monday morning when a doctor brings in a box of donuts or candy bars.

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Turmeric as a Cancer Cell Killer

Turmeric as a Cancer Cell Killer - The British scientist that researching extract of turmeric that contain in food spicy curry. The first allegation, the extract potentially to kill cancer cell.
Turmeric as a Cancer Cell Killer
No kidding, extract it worked on the first 24 hours after consumption. Such chemical-curcumin-has long been known to have the power to restore power and been tested as a treatment of arthritis and senility.

Several cancer experts said the findings published in the British Journal of Cancer that can help doctors find ways of treatment outside the medical model now.

UK doctors hope the findings of more advanced for the treatment of esophageal cancer. Each year about 7800 people in Britain diagnosed with throat cancer.

These Cancer type, entered six major fatal cancers, or about 5 percent of deaths in the UK. From the standpoint of resources, Indonesia is one country that has many potential medicinal herbs. (BBC NEWS/GSA)
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Your choice: Eat healthy or don't eat healthy!!!

I read recently about how in New York some radicals have convinced legislatures to force restaurants into placing the ingredients of their foods somewhere visible on the walls of their restraurants. The goal here is to make people aware of what's in foods so they only eat the healthy stuff.

I don't have a problem with this being done locally, because it is local governments who should be experimenting in this way. However, while the goal by creating all these labels is to get people to make good choices, there has never been a study done that show they work.

Everywhere we look now there are labels, and there is a growing number of evidence that most people just ignore them. When I come across an agreement on the Internet I simply click yes and go on with my life. I don't want to waste my time reading all that Lawyer jargon.

When I want to eat healthy, I make the decision to purchase healthy foods. Yet at least once a week, and sometimes more often, my wife and I choose to eat out. When we do, we most certainly don't want to buy food that doesn't taste good. We want to buy food that has salt and high concentrations of triglycerides. We want to eat hearty.

So they can have labels on the walls of restaurants, or on the wrappers and napkins of McDonald's and Burger King, and I don't think it has ever stopped one person from eating a Big Mac if a Big Bac is on their minds. I don't think it stops them from eating french fries either.

I think we all know fast food is junk food and junk food is not good for us. Yet I think we can go back to the wisdom of our fathers that says, "Anything in moderation is a good thing."

Still, I think the ultimate goal of radicals is not simply to have signs on walls and napkins, they want to "force" restaurants and other food makers to make their foods healthier. A while back New York tried to pass a law making it illegal to put salt in food. They said they were doing this "for our own good."

Lest last I read it, the role of the U.S. Constitution is not to protect us from ourselves, it is to protect us from each other. So they start with napkins, and then it is printed on walls, and then they make laws that tell us what we can and cannot eat.

This all falls in line with their ultimate objective of a government run healthcare system. However, there's an old saying that lines up here well too: You are a slave to the person you are in debt to. If the government is flipping your bills, the government has a right to tell you what to do.

If the government is paying for your healthcare, then the government has a right to lell you what you can and cannot eat. The government has a right to keep you healthy.

And this is why we must be careful what we allow our government to do. The more laws enacted by Congress, the less freedoms you and I have.

Eating right should be a personal choice, not one forced upon us by a government. If you're like me, you're struggling all the time to stay healthy. Yet, if you're like me, life is stressful and you are not perfect.

So, eat well. Or, if you're in the mind for it, make the individual decision to eat poorly like this lady did.


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Your choice: Eat healthy or don't eat healthy!!!

I read recently about how in New York some radicals have convinced legislatures to force restaurants into placing the ingredients of their foods somewhere visible on the walls of their restraurants. The goal here is to make people aware of what's in foods so they only eat the healthy stuff.

I don't have a problem with this being done locally, because it is local governments who should be experimenting in this way. However, while the goal by creating all these labels is to get people to make good choices, there has never been a study done that show they work.

Everywhere we look now there are labels, and there is a growing number of evidence that most people just ignore them. When I come across an agreement on the Internet I simply click yes and go on with my life. I don't want to waste my time reading all that Lawyer jargon.

When I want to eat healthy, I make the decision to purchase healthy foods. Yet at least once a week, and sometimes more often, my wife and I choose to eat out. When we do, we most certainly don't want to buy food that doesn't taste good. We want to buy food that has salt and high concentrations of triglycerides. We want to eat hearty.

So they can have labels on the walls of restaurants, or on the wrappers and napkins of McDonald's and Burger King, and I don't think it has ever stopped one person from eating a Big Mac if a Big Bac is on their minds. I don't think it stops them from eating french fries either.

I think we all know fast food is junk food and junk food is not good for us. Yet I think we can go back to the wisdom of our fathers that says, "Anything in moderation is a good thing."

Still, I think the ultimate goal of radicals is not simply to have signs on walls and napkins, they want to "force" restaurants and other food makers to make their foods healthier. A while back New York tried to pass a law making it illegal to put salt in food. They said they were doing this "for our own good."

Lest last I read it, the role of the U.S. Constitution is not to protect us from ourselves, it is to protect us from each other. So they start with napkins, and then it is printed on walls, and then they make laws that tell us what we can and cannot eat.

This all falls in line with their ultimate objective of a government run healthcare system. However, there's an old saying that lines up here well too: You are a slave to the person you are in debt to. If the government is flipping your bills, the government has a right to tell you what to do.

If the government is paying for your healthcare, then the government has a right to lell you what you can and cannot eat. The government has a right to keep you healthy.

And this is why we must be careful what we allow our government to do. The more laws enacted by Congress, the less freedoms you and I have.

Eating right should be a personal choice, not one forced upon us by a government. If you're like me, you're struggling all the time to stay healthy. Yet, if you're like me, life is stressful and you are not perfect.

So, eat well. Or, if you're in the mind for it, make the individual decision to eat poorly like this lady did.


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The Five Stages of RT Grief

I'm sure you guys have heard at some point in your lives or careers about the Five Stages of Grief. Usually they are used to explain how someone deals with the fact they have a life threatening disease, although they do explain many other aspects of our lives too.

For instance, the Seven Stages of Grief also explain how we medical care practitioners (RNs and RTs) deal with the medical field, and perhaps other people too.

For starters, here are the Seven Stages the Grief:

1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance

Consider the following flow of events. You are in high school or some point in your life and you decide to become an RT or an RN. You make this decision becaue you want to make a difference. You want to help people. You, in essence, think you are walking into the ideal situation. After all, the U.S. Healthcare System is the best in the world.

Now I do think and always have that the U.S. Healthcare System is the best in the world. I'm not arguing that. Yet I do think a problem lies in that the Healthcare System is not so much focused on improving patient care, it's more focused on money.

I have never in my 15 year career as an RT ever sat in front of my boss getting lectured because I didn't give good care. I have never had a patient complain about me. However, I have been lectured because I didn't chart a treatment or because I made some minor mistake here or there that might effect -- you guessed it -- reimbursement criteria for that patient.

Thus, it all comes down to money. Money is all that matters. They will tell you they are trying to improve patient care when they create order sets, yet that's not the complete truth. The complete truth is they want to make sure all these procedures are ordered for a given diagnosis (DRG) so that the hospital is reimbursed. That, in essense, is the true purpose of the Keystone Commission. That's the ultimate goal of CMS (Medicare and Medicaid) and Insurance programs.

In essence, the entire medical field is screwed up. Now, here is the sequence of Grief as it pertains to Respiratory Therapy:

1. Denial: We leave RT School thinking every thing is hunky dory. We really believe every breathing treatment we give will be useful. Yet soon we realize most of what we do is either a waste of time or delays time. So we simply deny it. We go on as though we were still living in the ideal world we learn about in RT School.

2. Anger: We realize now that it is screwed up. That we were not simply making up in our heads that 80% of what we do is useless. We become apathetic. You hear there is a lot of apathy in the medical field, and when you see an apathetic RT he is in the Anger stage of Grief.

3. Bargaining: This is where you try to make it better. When I was in this stage I really felt I could make a difference. I created my cheat sheets and wrote protocols for just about everything. One of us might join the Keystone Committee thinking w'd get to know doctors better and would be able to convince them to work with me in creating protocols. This would all make it better. You look in to other RT jobs thinking the grass might be greener on the other side of the fence.

4. Depression: Yet soon you realize no one wanted to make it better, or at least few wanted to make waves. Most decide all that matters is getting a paycheck In fact, with all the new order sets this problem got worse. Instead of doing fewer useless therepies we now do more. While we complained about doing outpatient Holter Monitors in the ER, instead of getting rid of STAT ER Holter monitors our boss ordered 76 new Holters. The Keystone Committee has created order sets for each DRG which make sure every patient with said diagnosis gets an EKG or a breathing treatment whether they need it or not. You are now depressed. You feel hopeless. There is nothing you can do. The protocols you wrote are ignored. You realize the grass is not greener on the other side of the fence, and you are thus bummed. You feel trapped.

5. Acceptance: This is where I am at right now. I have passed the above steps and I've now come to terms with the fact the medical field the way it stands right now is the best in the world, yet it still sucks. Doctors are afraid of lawsuits, and politicians don't care. In fact, politicians just passed Obamacare, which has made everything worse by its unintended (or intended depending on how you look at it) consequences.

I'm not saying I'm never going to do anything to make it better, yet I've resigned myself to the fact that most of my attempts will be rejected and ignored.

Don't get me wrong. The field of RT is still a good and rewarding career. I would still recommend it to anyone. Yet like any other career, it is not perfect. It is a young and flawed profession. The medical field in itself is also young and flawed. And those who purport to make it better somehow just make it worse. Which is why many of us RTs decided long ago to work so we can go home.

And, as with the rest of the medical field, you will have to accept that much of what you do is not to the benefit of the patient. In fact, much of what you do will have no impact on the health of the patient whatsoever.

Yet everything you do will impact whether or not the hospital gets reimbursed for that patient. Yet, once agian, the bottom line is money. Only the future, and perhaps who we vote into political office, will change this bottom line. Yet I wouldn't bet my life on a quick solution.

The people who have the ability to help the patient have their hands tied behind their literal backs. Only you can make it better by reaching the acceptance stage as fast as you can. It took me 15 years.

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What can I do if I don't have a rescue inhaler?

Your question: I have a rescue inhaler which I keep with me at all times. However, I am completely paranoid that I might not have it with me during an asthma attack or that I have no puffs left. What do I do in this type of emergency? Somebody told me to drink caffeine and another told me to drink lots of water. What should I do if caught sans inhaler? Thank you!

My humble answer: Great question. In fact, this actually ties in perfectly with a post I've been planning to write. Back when I had less control of my life (pre-20), I had my inhaler go empty many times. Some I survived with ease, and other times didn't go so well. Caffeine is a mild bronchodilator, and may help take the edge off. Yet I didn't find it was too effective. Lots of water is "always" a good idea. It keeps your lungs hydrated so you can easily cough up excess phlegm. Diaphragmatic breathing is definitely a must. You have to breath properly. In the advent you're short of breath you have a tendency to breath paradoxically. With diaphragmatic breathing you'll also want to try pursed lip breathing if you are short of breath. With asthma you have air trapped in your lungs, so it's important to slow down the expiratory phase to let more air out. Whether you're short of breath or not, being without your inhaler can be stressful. Since STRESS in itself can trigger asthma, you'll want to try some relaxation exercises. Plus, bronchodilator anxiety alone (which is what you have) is enough in and of itself to cause stress. This explains why so many asthmatics are fine so long as they have their inhaler on hand, and feel "tight" as soon as they realize they don't have it.

Do NOT try over the counter asthma remedies. These are dangerous. Examples include Ephedra and primitine mist.

Another tip you might be able to benefit from is Ventolin is a generic medicine. And a prescription includes whatever the doctor writes. So if you have your doctor write for 3 Ventolin inhalers you should be able to get 3 for the price of one. I actually at one point got 6. Talk to your doctor about this. I do it, and always have a spare Ventolin (although I often lose all three at same time).

What I did not cover here is asthma control. Increased Ventolin use can be a sign of poorly controlled asthma and you should work with your doctor. I'll will "assume" this is something you've already considered and are doing. Some asthmatics simply "need" their rescue medicine more often.

These are just some random tips off the top of my head. I hope to expound on this soon. Let me know if you have any further questions. Rick


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What can I do if I don't have a rescue inhaler?

Your question: I have a rescue inhaler which I keep with me at all times. However, I am completely paranoid that I might not have it with me during an asthma attack or that I have no puffs left. What do I do in this type of emergency? Somebody told me to drink caffeine and another told me to drink lots of water. What should I do if caught sans inhaler? Thank you!

My humble answer: Great question. In fact, this actually ties in perfectly with a post I've been planning to write. Back when I had less control of my life (pre-20), I had my inhaler go empty many times. Some I survived with ease, and other times didn't go so well. Caffeine is a mild bronchodilator, and may help take the edge off. Yet I didn't find it was too effective. Lots of water is "always" a good idea. It keeps your lungs hydrated so you can easily cough up excess phlegm. Diaphragmatic breathing is definitely a must. You have to breath properly. In the advent you're short of breath you have a tendency to breath paradoxically. With diaphragmatic breathing you'll also want to try pursed lip breathing if you are short of breath. With asthma you have air trapped in your lungs, so it's important to slow down the expiratory phase to let more air out. Whether you're short of breath or not, being without your inhaler can be stressful. Since STRESS in itself can trigger asthma, you'll want to try some relaxation exercises. Plus, bronchodilator anxiety alone (which is what you have) is enough in and of itself to cause stress. This explains why so many asthmatics are fine so long as they have their inhaler on hand, and feel "tight" as soon as they realize they don't have it.

Do NOT try over the counter asthma remedies. These are dangerous. Examples include Ephedra and primitine mist.

Another tip you might be able to benefit from is Ventolin is a generic medicine. And a prescription includes whatever the doctor writes. So if you have your doctor write for 3 Ventolin inhalers you should be able to get 3 for the price of one. I actually at one point got 6. Talk to your doctor about this. I do it, and always have a spare Ventolin (although I often lose all three at same time).

What I did not cover here is asthma control. Increased Ventolin use can be a sign of poorly controlled asthma and you should work with your doctor. I'll will "assume" this is something you've already considered and are doing. Some asthmatics simply "need" their rescue medicine more often.

These are just some random tips off the top of my head. I hope to expound on this soon. Let me know if you have any further questions. Rick


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Causes and Prevention of Lung Cancer

Cause of lung cancer: Cancer has become a deadly disease, even lung cancer is the first killer than any other cancer. Tumor cells or cancer that grows in the lung experienced by patients with lung cancer. Cancer can grow in this tissue and can spread to other parts.
Causes and Prevention of Lung Cancer
The main cause of lung cancer is cigarette smoke contains many toxic substances and inhaled into the lungs and has been accumulating for decades causing mutations in the airway cells and causes cancer cells.

Another cause is the radioactive radiation, toxic chemicals, stress or heredity.

Lung cancer symptoms: cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, coughing up blood, tiredness and weight loss. But as in other cancer types, symptoms are generally only visible when the cancer has grown large or has spread.

Prevention of lung cancer: Avoiding cigarettes and cigarette smoke are also more nutritious foods that contain lots of antioxidants to prevent cancer cells.

Because the disease in the lungs primarily caused by cigarette smoke, then you should immediately stop this habit, and do not try to start it for those of you who have never smoked. Avoid also to be passive smokers are even more dangerous than active smokers. Love the lung, avoid the lung disease, and you can breathe more easily.
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Know Lung Disease

Know Lung Disease - This important organ is one of the vital organs for human life. Especially work on the human respiratory system.

Served as a place of exchange of oxygen that humans need and remove carbon dioxide which is the result of residual respiratory process that must be removed from the body, so the body's need for oxygen remains fulfilled.
Know Lung Disease
The air is very important for humans, not inhaling oxygen for several minutes can cause death. That is the important role of lung. Organ located below the rib was indeed has a heavy duty, not to mention the more polluted the air we breathe as well as many germs floating around in the air. This can cause various lung diseases.

Symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or pain in the chest area may indicate that something is wrong with your lungs. By detect it more quickly, this will help for this disease is not the longer and worse.
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Lung Cancer Symptoms

Lung Cancer Symptoms - The lungs are organs in the respiratory system, and referred to in the air-breathing vertebrates kitara system. The lungs function is to exchange oxygen in carbon dioxide from the blood system with the help of hemoglobin. This process is known as respiration or breathing.

The lungs are located inside the chest cavity, protected by the bony structure of rare and protected by a wall as pleural, pleural fluid-filled. Lung cancer is a tumor that grows in the lungs are largely derived from cells in the lungs. But lung cancer can also come from cancer in other body parts that spread to the lungs.
lung cancer symptoms
More than 90 percent of lung disease originated from bronchitis or airways into the lungs. These cancers can be called karisnoma squamous cell, small cell or karisnoma karisnoma wheat cell, large cell kasrinoma, and adenokarnoma. Karisnoma alveolar cells derived from the alveoli in the lungs. This cancer can be a single growth. But often attack more than one area of ​​the lung.

Only a small proportion of lung cancer, or roughly about 10-15 per cent in men and 5 percent in women are caused by substances that are found or is inhaled in the workplace. Some symptoms that can be seen and felt from lung cancer, among others: shortness of breath, persistent cough, coughing out blood, chest pain, wheezing, fever, and weight loss.

Usually these symptoms only emerge when the cancer reaches the final stage, which means that smokers will not be aware that he had cancer since a young age. Symptoms of lung cancer that often occur in the society is usually a long coughing in people who smoke, difficulty breathing, the sound has changed from the usual, and cough for more than two weeks in people who do not smoke.

There are several types of treatment for lung cancer are: surgery, chemo and radiation therapy. This type of treatment tailored to the type of cancer, the rate of expansion or spread at the time of diagnosis, and the overall health condition of the patient. Surgery is the primary treatment measures in the early stages of cancer. Patients who undergo surgery can not be switched to radio therapy.

Cure rates of lung cancer is still very good if it is still at an early stage. The problem is extremely rare cancer is detected at this point. If cancer cells have spread to other areas, the choice of treatment is chemo therapy and radio therapy. If cancer is blocking the main air flow, can be used a laser to the tumor arrested or kept open the flow of air with a stent or tube.
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Oxygen and asthma

I have been asked many times over the course of the years I've been blogging about respiratory therapy and asthma if it is true that asthma effects your bodies ability to diffuse oxygen. The answer is most of the time no, yet sometimes yes. Allow me to explain.

In the past I have ardently noted on this blog or my asthma blog that I have rarely seen an asthmatic with a low oxygen saturation. I also have memories of waking up from anesthesia and asking for my rescue inhaler, and the anesthesiologist saying, "You don't need your inhaler, your oxygen saturation is normal."

"I don't care what your numbers say, " I said back then, "What I feel is short of breath, and I need my inhaler." Of course I didn't say it like that, my response was more of a grunt and a certain look we asthmatics have that says, "Gimme my inhaler!"

So, does oxygen effect diffusion? If so, when? To find the answer to this question allow me to refer to the god of all respiratory books: "Egan's Fundamentals of Respiratory Care." The volume I paid $63.95 for is volume 6, or the 1993 version. Yet I think the answer would be unchanged in the newer versions. If you learn different please let me know.

According to my version, the answer comes on page 472. Egan notes that early on during an asthma attack hyperventilation (rapid breathing) occurs due to anxiety, and this actually causes your bodies ability to diffuse oxygen to increase. Your oxygen saturation might even go up.

I would say that most of the asthma attacks I have are mild in nature, mainly thanks to all the good preventative medicines I take. A simple puff of my rescue medicine and my breathing is back to normal (most of the time). My oxygen levels do not decrease. My oxygen saturation does not drop below 98%.

But that hasn't always been the case. I will explain in a moment. First we need some definitions.

So what is oxygen saturation? This is also known as oxygen sat, sat, SpO2, or pulse ox. It's also referred to as the 5th vital sign after heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature and blood pressure. It's the percentage of oxygen you inhale that makes it to your blood stream.

More specifically, in your blood you have red blood cells (RBC). In the center is a protein called hemoglobin that makes the RBC look kind of like a boat or a donut. When the RBC comes into contact with the lungs the oxygen jumps on board the boat and takes a ride to a cell somewhere in the body.

When an oxygen sits on the RBC your blood is red. When oxygen hops off the RBC your blood has a darker color. Regardless, the oxygen saturation basically is a percentage of these hemoglobin that are saturated with oxygen. So, if I say your sat is 98%, that means that 98% of the RBC boats in your lungs have an oxygen on board.


Your sat is measured by a probe gently and painlessly placed over your finger, or ear, or toe (although usually just a finger will suffice).

What is PO2?


Without going into too much detail, this is the partial pressure of oxygen. In your arteries, which carries oxygenated blood from your lungs to tissues of your body, a normal PO2 is about 100. If this drops to 60 you have hypoxemia, which means low oxygen in the blood.


So as your asthma worsens, your PO2 may decrease. The only way to know what your PO2 is to draw an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG). This is an invasive poke where an RT puts a needle into your radial artery, which runs right along your radial nerve on the thumb side of your wrist.


Thankfully, however, modern wisdom gave us pulse oximeters, because there is a direct link between your PO2 and yoru oxygen saturation. Generally speaking, your SpO2 is 30 higher than your PO2, so if your SpO2 reading is above 90, you know your PO2 is above 60. As your sat drops below 60 you know your PO2 is likewise dropping to significant lows.


(For more detail on this see my post on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.)


Pulse oximeters did not exist until the early 1990s, so those who took care of me when I was a hardluck asthmatic in the 1970s and 1980s were not able to check my oxygen levels. However, a tel-tale sign of low oxygen in the blood is blue lips and fingerstips.


There were many times I had this sign.


So what does this have to do with asthma?


I had an attack in 1998 and I have the results of my blood gases, and back then my PO2 was 64 and my sat was 94. This was still acceptable, yet you can see why my doctors might have been getting worried, especially since nothing was making my asthma better.

In the early stages of asthma, or during a mild asthma attack, your sat will be normal or increased. If you stay calm it will continue to be normal. If you become anxious and hyperventilate (breathe fast) it may actually be higher than normal.

However, as your asthma attack progresses, and your air passages become increasingly narrowed and blocked, even though you are breathing fast and heavy your lungs ability to diffuse oxygen is diminished. It is at this time your sat begins to decline.


Oxygen therapy:




As your asthma becomes even worse, your sat may drop further.

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Oxygen and asthma

I have been asked many times over the course of the years I've been blogging about respiratory therapy and asthma if it is true that asthma effects your bodies ability to diffuse oxygen. The answer is most of the time no, yet sometimes yes. Allow me to explain.

In the past I have ardently noted on this blog or my asthma blog that I have rarely seen an asthmatic with a low oxygen saturation. I also have memories of waking up from anesthesia and asking for my rescue inhaler, and the anesthesiologist saying, "You don't need your inhaler, your oxygen saturation is normal."

"I don't care what your numbers say, " I said back then, "What I feel is short of breath, and I need my inhaler." Of course I didn't say it like that, my response was more of a grunt and a certain look we asthmatics have that says, "Gimme my inhaler!"

So, does oxygen effect diffusion? If so, when? To find the answer to this question allow me to refer to the god of all respiratory books: "Egan's Fundamentals of Respiratory Care." The volume I paid $63.95 for is volume 6, or the 1993 version. Yet I think the answer would be unchanged in the newer versions. If you learn different please let me know.

According to my version, the answer comes on page 472. Egan notes that early on during an asthma attack hyperventilation (rapid breathing) occurs due to anxiety, and this actually causes your bodies ability to diffuse oxygen to increase. Your oxygen saturation might even go up.

I would say that most of the asthma attacks I have are mild in nature, mainly thanks to all the good preventative medicines I take. A simple puff of my rescue medicine and my breathing is back to normal (most of the time). My oxygen levels do not decrease. My oxygen saturation does not drop below 98%.

But that hasn't always been the case. I will explain in a moment. First we need some definitions.

So what is oxygen saturation? This is also known as oxygen sat, sat, SpO2, or pulse ox. It's also referred to as the 5th vital sign after heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature and blood pressure. It's the percentage of oxygen you inhale that makes it to your blood stream.

More specifically, in your blood you have red blood cells (RBC). In the center is a protein called hemoglobin that makes the RBC look kind of like a boat or a donut. When the RBC comes into contact with the lungs the oxygen jumps on board the boat and takes a ride to a cell somewhere in the body.

When an oxygen sits on the RBC your blood is red. When oxygen hops off the RBC your blood has a darker color. Regardless, the oxygen saturation basically is a percentage of these hemoglobin that are saturated with oxygen. So, if I say your sat is 98%, that means that 98% of the RBC boats in your lungs have an oxygen on board.


Your sat is measured by a probe gently and painlessly placed over your finger, or ear, or toe (although usually just a finger will suffice).

What is PO2?


Without going into too much detail, this is the partial pressure of oxygen. In your arteries, which carries oxygenated blood from your lungs to tissues of your body, a normal PO2 is about 100. If this drops to 60 you have hypoxemia, which means low oxygen in the blood.


So as your asthma worsens, your PO2 may decrease. The only way to know what your PO2 is to draw an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG). This is an invasive poke where an RT puts a needle into your radial artery, which runs right along your radial nerve on the thumb side of your wrist.


Thankfully, however, modern wisdom gave us pulse oximeters, because there is a direct link between your PO2 and yoru oxygen saturation. Generally speaking, your SpO2 is 30 higher than your PO2, so if your SpO2 reading is above 90, you know your PO2 is above 60. As your sat drops below 60 you know your PO2 is likewise dropping to significant lows.


(For more detail on this see my post on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.)


Pulse oximeters did not exist until the early 1990s, so those who took care of me when I was a hardluck asthmatic in the 1970s and 1980s were not able to check my oxygen levels. However, a tel-tale sign of low oxygen in the blood is blue lips and fingerstips.


There were many times I had this sign.


So what does this have to do with asthma?


I had an attack in 1998 and I have the results of my blood gases, and back then my PO2 was 64 and my sat was 94. This was still acceptable, yet you can see why my doctors might have been getting worried, especially since nothing was making my asthma better.

In the early stages of asthma, or during a mild asthma attack, your sat will be normal or increased. If you stay calm it will continue to be normal. If you become anxious and hyperventilate (breathe fast) it may actually be higher than normal.

However, as your asthma attack progresses, and your air passages become increasingly narrowed and blocked, even though you are breathing fast and heavy your lungs ability to diffuse oxygen is diminished. It is at this time your sat begins to decline.


Oxygen therapy:




As your asthma becomes even worse, your sat may drop further.

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My Recent Travels

I have had the honor and privilege of participating in two special events over the last two weeks. The first was the Vermont Foster/Adoptive Family Association 24th Annual Spring Conference: Hope and Healing. At that conference I attended a one day workshop by Dr. Bruce Perry. I was so delighted to finally have a chance to hear Dr. Perry in person, after having read all his work and listened to him on video tape. When I remarked to the conference organizer that he reminded me of Seinfeld she told me I wasn’t the first person to notice that. As I have written in this blog, his ideas are opening new avenues of learning and teaching for me, and I hope to write more about them here in the future. Dr. Perry expanded on the idea that rhythmic, repetitive, rewarding physical activities with another engaged person are necessary to rebuild the brain stem of children hurt in early life.

The next day of the conference I delivered a keynote address and then led two workshops. The subject of my keynote was: What is Trauma Informed Care and What Does It Mean for Foster Care? The workshops were: The Trauma Survivor as Parent and Maintaining your Sanity While Walking in The Minefield: Helping Youth With Challenging Behaviors. I received much positive feedback for all of them.

Vermont has prioritized supporting and training foster parents. They offer this conference to foster parents and those who work with them every year, and it combines education with a break, recreation and connection. They also raise money at the conference through a silent auction and fifty/fifty raffle for a fund that provides extras for foster children. I found the foster parents to be very knowledgeable and thoughtful, tuned in to the adaptive nature of their youth’s behavior, and extremely caring and committed. I was also impressed with the professionals I met such as the conference organizer Karen L. Crowley, System of Care Manager, Family Services Division, Department for Children and Families. Vermont’s governor Peter Shumlin was present, as was the new DCF Commissioner Dave Yacovone. Their presence also spoke to Vermont’s commitment to foster parents. Vermont is emphasizing the concept of co-parenting between the foster parents and the bio parents, which made my “trauma survivor as parent” workshop especially relevant to the foster parents.

One foster parent asked me a question which we agreed we must defer to Bruce Perry. She has a teenage foster son who is very sexually active. She said that it occurred to her that he was engaging in an activity that is rhythmic, repetitive, rewarding and physical with another engaged person. Is he building his brain stem?

On the third day of the conference we watched a movie entitled “Ask Us Who We Are ~. From the program description of the film: “Directed and produced by Bess O’Brien. This documentary film focused on the challenges and extraordinary lives of youth in foster care. The film is a reflection on loss and the search for belonging and fining family. Although the film highlights the heartbreak that many foster care youth carry with them as they move through their lives, the documentary also reveals the tremendous strength and perseverance that grows out of their determination to survive and thrive. The documentary also focuses on the lives of foster care parents and kinship families that open their homes to children. Through small and large acts of kindness these adults can change the course of children’s lives and give them a sense of place. In addition, the film highlights two parents who lose their children.” It was very moving and I look forward to the time that it will be released for greater distribution outside of Vermont.

The following week I travelled to the Change Academy Lake of the Ozarks (CALO), a specialized therapeutic school that I have described previously in this blog. This school was founded specifically to utilize attachment principles to help children heal. They specialize in children who have been adopted. Their canine program allows each child to adopt and learn to care for a golden retriever, and take the dog with them when they leave. This is one of the powerful elements of the healing process.

I am honored to have been asked to be on the Board of Advisors of CALO. On this visit I got to know the program and people even more, and attended a conference CALO hosted. On the Board also are a parent advocate (who is also an adoptive parent), a lawyer who advocates for children and who is an adoptive parent herself, and an attachment specialist in private practice in the Washington DC area. For me it was a great treat to be among people who are so immersed in this trauma informed, relationship based way of thinking. I was soaking it in, being reaffirmed and recommitted to the importance of what we are doing. I learned some new ideas as well. And all this in the midst of the beauty of the Ozarks in the Spring, with many lovely flowering trees.



I feel very lucky to have been able to participate in these events.
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More ancient asthma remedies

Learn about some more ancient asthma remedies in my recent post at MyAsthmaCentral.com

Check out These Ancient Asthma Remedies

One of the things I like to do in my spare time is go to Google books and peruse through old asthma books. It's interesting to read what doctors used to recommend. In some cases, it's quite horrifying.

Last year I studied Henry Hyde Salter's
remedies from his 1869 book "On Asthma." This year I delved into an 1810 book called, "A Practical Inquiry into Disordered Respiration; Distinguishing the Species of Convulsive Asthma their Causes and Indications of Cure." That mouthful alone is enough to trigger an attack.

You will likewise cringe when you read the following remedies. Yet you must also understand Bree's primitive medical thinking. He believed the "excessive muscular action" that occurs with a disease like asthma is the bodies attempt to get rid of some peccant or irritating matter.

Hence, an asthma attack is the bodies' attempt at purging, or, according to Dictionary.com, "getting rid of something impure or undesirable."

Likewise, Hippocrates believed bad health is caused because of an imbalance of the four
humours: yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood. For people to remain healthy, the four humours needed to be balanced.

Another thing to consider is that asthma back then often referred any disease or illness that caused shortness of breath, such as heart failure, bronchitis, etc.

So keep this in mind as you read on.

The following are some remedies you'd have to endure if you were a boy living with asthma in Bree's time:

1. Bathing: Definitely not warm baths, because that may be "hurtful in every species of asthma." Nope. What you would need to do is take a bath in cold water, preferably less than 50 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. Cathartics: To be blunt, this is medicine to make you poop. Since the lungs aren't able to get rid of the evil, evidence shows that evacuating "a big load of bile" often does.

3. Emetics: To be blunt again, this is medicine to make you vomit. This was believed to be most useful when something in the food just eaten has "excited the paroxism." Some doctors recommend monthly vomiting to prevent asthma, yet many boys back then might have been thankful that Bree didn't recommend that.

4. Diaphoretics: This is medicine that makes you sweat. However, Bree notes the goal is to "promote gentle diaphoresis, but not sweating."

5. Bleeding: You read that right. Ancient Roman physician Galen believed blood was the most dominant humour, and the one in most need of control. Bleeding was believed to relieve inflammation. It was first used for medical practices as far back as 3100 BC in Mesopotamia, and was still being used in the late 19th century.

6. Diuretics: Bree observed patients who let out a "great flow of urine from the kidneys" was observed by many doctors to make breathing easier for many asthmatics. We now know diuretics work great to help patients with heart failure when shortness of breath is caused by fluid in the lungs.

7. Antispasmotics: This would include medicine like opium, ether, valarium, cardamine, tobacco infusion, extract of henbane, fetid gums, alcohol and Belladona. These are medicines that "blunt the senses," according to
Dictionary.com. They also produce "euphoria and stupor."

Opium and ether are the most useful, and are definitely beneficial after emetics or chathartics are uses.

8. Expectorants: These are medicines that help you spit up phlegm or junk from your lungs. Ammoniacs work well, but must be given with opiates. Squills united with vinegar generally work well. Squills combined with henbane and nitric acid work well as both an expectorant and a sedative. Honey and sugar can be used, but aren't so good for asthma. These medicines are good becasue they have a duo effect: removal of "offensive matters" in the stomach, and phlegm from the lungs.

9. Inhaling vapours: He describes how the idea of inhaling various herbs and resinous gums was introduced by Hippocrates. "He used herbs and nitre boiled with vinegar and oil, and directed the vapour of such boiling compositions to be drawn into the lungs through a proper pipe." Frankincence and myrrth were also inhaled, and often mixed with arsenic. Another alternative is to breath the "vapours of hemlock leaves infused in boiling water." Smoking tobacco also works here. He also described how fumigations of an arsenical mineral were done by the ancient Greeks.

10. Oxygen: Now perhaps he was getting somewhere here. Although his use of oxygen was not how we use it today. In one case he describes "oxygen would probably revive pain and inflammation by its stimulating properties. He also notes oxygen may help with both "irritation of phlegm" and with irritated bowels. Oxygen also gives the vessels and the heart more "vigour" in sending blood to the heart.

Perhaps I'm just a nerd, but I really enjoy reading this old stuff. Although much of it could make for good ficiton more so than science.

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Take the sage route and reverse education

Everyone should seek to be a sage. We must speak seldom and when we do speak we must make good use of our words. We must ask questions and encourage the other person to question himself and do his own research.

If you disiagree with someone, do not put that person on the spot, as this only instigates anger on his part. Educate him by reverse education. Encourage him to question himself and do research.

Have them educate themselves and ask their own questions. Say things like, "Don't just do as I say, look it up!" Or, "Don't take my word for it, look it up for yourself."

If someone says, "FDR was one of the best presidents," and you disagree, don't say, "Fdr was a bad president." That might stir anger. It will stir a natural response, and that is defense.

Instead, state a fact or ask a question. Say, "I sometimes wonder if FDR is such a great President. Unemployment was still high when he left office compared to when he entered."

He'll say, "Is that true?" You say, "Look it up."

The more you try to prove them wrong the angrier and more defiant they become. So lead them to teach themselves. Use reverse education.

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COPD attack, no one around: what can you do?

A patient just asked me: "I have emphysema, and I was lucky that I was with a friend because I had bronchospasms so bad I couldn't talk, and I couldn't help myself. What can I do if this were to happen and no one was around?

My humble answer: The best thing for you to do is ask that same question to your doctor. Although, if I were your doctor, I'd make sure you always have a rescue inhaler on hand so you can at least try to use it. However, I think the best way of dealing with a situation like that is to not let it happen. I think your doctor will make sure you get put on a medicine like Advair or Symbicort and/or spiriva, all of which are proven to improve lung function. On these controller meds you should be able to prevent an attack as you described, and, if you do have an attack, it won't be as severe.
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COPD attack, no one around: what can you do?

A patient just asked me: "I have emphysema, and I was lucky that I was with a friend because I had bronchospasms so bad I couldn't talk, and I couldn't help myself. What can I do if this were to happen and no one was around?

My humble answer: The best thing for you to do is ask that same question to your doctor. Although, if I were your doctor, I'd make sure you always have a rescue inhaler on hand so you can at least try to use it. However, I think the best way of dealing with a situation like that is to not let it happen. I think your doctor will make sure you get put on a medicine like Advair or Symbicort and/or spiriva, all of which are proven to improve lung function. On these controller meds you should be able to prevent an attack as you described, and, if you do have an attack, it won't be as severe.
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Dr's Creed: Why order SVNs over MDIs


NOTICE TO ALL DOCTORS

Memo: Aerosolized SVNs preferred over MDIs

Date: May 15, 1963

I would like to inform all physicians that magnetic forces inside the walls of all hospitals within the United States make it so aerosolized bronchodilator particles from metered dose inhalers (MDIs) does not make it into the lungs.

Instead, the magnetic force pulls on the aerosolized particles due to the propellant used to make the spray. This kind of makes the aerosolized particles kind of float in the large airways.

To remedy this "problem," bronchodilators should only be given in pure form, and this can only be accomplished with aerosolized medicine via small volume nebulizers (SVNs). Thus, all patients who need bronchodilator therapy while admitted to the hospital should be prescribed the nebulized version even if they are fully capable of using an MDI.

A fortunate side effect of this is it causes respiratory therapists to do more work, and has a tendency to cause RT burnout and apathy. We've decided this is good because if their apathetic and burned out they will be less likely to bother us.

Once the patient is discharged from the hospital the magnetic force no longer has an effect on the MDI spray, and, at least according to most studies performed, the MDI and Aerosolized bronchodilator therapy have a similar efficacy.

Please assure this policy is followed at your facility

Sincerely,

Dr. Al Buterol

Infernal Medicine

Weiners University of Cyanosis

Chairman, PSECOTIC

Physicians (who) Swear Effective Clinical Oxygen Therapy Increases Carbon dioxide


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Hospitals, Doctors Blackmailed by the Government

We have to face the facts, fellow RTs, that one of the main reason we are doing so many non--indicated procedures, and our morale diminished, is because the government is blackmailing hospitals and doctors.

You heard that right. Hospitals are being told by CMS they have a choice whether they want to do something, yet if they don't do it they will not make as much money. Hospitals and doctors, in essence, are being blackmailed.

A perfect example of this is the smoking cessation program. Chances are your hospital board has discussed the smoking cessation program. The choice is this: You do a smoking cessation on a patient you get reimbursed more for that patient, and if you don't do it you get reimbursed less

In my opinion this is not a choice. It's more of a nudge. If you don't do the smoking cessation on a patient, the hospital will get paid less. So the hospital is basically forced to do it. This is blackmail.

CMS actually says it's a choice to make it look good to us, because most of us Americans love to have choices. Yet a true choice would be one of many options, including the option to do nothing. You also have an option to be smart and an option to be stupid. You should not be punished if you decide to be stupid.

So instead of choosing to use common sense, many hospitals are doing smoking cessations on every patient just to cover their bases. This means that even if you don't smoke you will be educated.

Now this isn't so bad, as even people who say they quit smoking are still hanging around people who do smoke. These new ex-smokers are not aware second hand smoke is bad for them. Believe it or not, there still are uneducated people like that. So education on our part is good.

Yet we RTs don't necessarily have time to do smoking cessation on every patient. We barely have time to do the ones that are needed, yet we certainly don't have time to do them on every patient. We are overwhelmed already as it is due to all the order sets and lack of RT Driven protocols at most hospitals.

So you can see how the blackmailing of hospitals to do smoking cessation programs has unintended consequences. It results in burnout and apathy of workers. Yet Administrators don't care so much because in any business, the bottom line is that we get reimbursed, or that we make money.

Another good example is the so called "death panels" as passed by the Obamacare legislation. The death panels really aren't death panels, but they do create a script doctors must follow with each of their patients about discussing end of life care.

Now, a part of me likes this. I think all doctors should discuss with patients what they would want at the end of their life if they are unable to make decisions. If a person has terminal cancer, do you want CPR done on you, and do you want to be kept alive on a ventilator.

I think this is good. And I also it should be up to the doctor to discuss this with a patient. So this is what Obamacare does: it gives doctors a choice. The choice is this: You do end of life care and you get reimbursed for that patient visit. If you don't do end of life care, you still get reimbursed, but you make less money.

So what doctor in his right mind will not do end of life care, and use the government script. In this way, CMS is nudging the doctor to do what an expert sitting in an office in Washington believes is idea. It's blackmail.

Is this choice? Yes! Is it a good choice? No really. It's a nudge. It's forcing us to do it your way. It's blackmail.

A government script is an attempt to convince people that death is imminent and we shouldn't be spending money on you, then the death panel discussion is valid. Now end of life counseling is good, and it should be done on all patients, yet it should not be a mandate by the government.

Likewise, it allows doctors to decide if a 90 year old lady should get a hip replacement, or 100 year old lady a hearing aide. The patient and the family should be deciding if the cost is worth it, not Uncle Sam.

It will, in essence, become nothing more than a screening program to cut out the most expensive years of your grandma's life. It will save the government millions of dollars per year, if not billions. To the government, it's all about saving money. To hospitals, whether they agree with this blackmail or not, it's all about making as much money as they can. So they have no choice but to "COOPERATE!"

One concerned mother asked a famous person in Washington about whether Obamacar would pay for her 100 year old mother to get a hearing aide she wants so bad. The politician answered, "No, no, we gotta start talking quality of life, too, we can't calculate spirit and how much she wants to live. Give her a pill. People like that we should just give 'em a pill."

He later said, "I don't think we can make judgements based on people's spirits." If you are terminally ill, or if you have a bad heart, or if you have the beginnings of a disease like Altzeimers or Parkinsons, your doctor will, by law, have to encourage you to not seek any procedures that will prolong your life.

That means no expensive CPR or breathing machines. That means no expensive life saving medicine. That also means no hip replacements. No nursing homes. No hearing aides. No pacemaker.

Some people, even at 105, have a certain spirit, a certain joy of life, a certain love of live, a high quality of life and they want to do whatever they can to live another day. These people should be able to get the hip replacement, the hearing aide, the pacemaker or whatever.

Will a government in Washington be able to see this spirit, this joy, this quality of life. Or will that government official, that government expert, only see her as a 105 year old burden on society who will die anyway soon so let's not waste our time or money on her.

That government expert will see it as a government shut off at some age, perhaps 75, or 65, or if the cost of healthcare becomes too much of a burden, perhaps even 55 or how about 45? Where does it stop?

Will my mother have to go to the government to get a procedure done? What if it's a lifesaving procedure? By the time the government has an answer it may be too late anyway. This kind of thinking sends chills down my spine. This is America not Cuba.

Since the government's flipping the bill, This sounds Orson Wellish, 1984 type stuff. I never in a million years could have imagined we'd be having this discussion in America.

Now you might say, "well, it's not a mandate." But it is. When the government tells you you won't get paid if you don't do it, then doctors who accept Medicare will have no choice but to do it. Thus, it's mandatory. Either that, or it's blackmail.

Granted, this is not an opinion, it's fact.

What do you think?

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